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Crop Guide

How to grow brussels sprouts

Brassica · Water-sensitive · Frost-tolerant

Primary source · UMN Extension ↗
Brussels Sprouts
Moisture range
40–60%
Days to maturity
90–110
Light
Full sun
Growing Degree Units
1500 · base 40°F
When to plant brussels sprouts where you garden
Indoor-start, transplant and harvest dates, counted from your own frost dates.
See planting calendar →
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Growing notes

Brussels sprouts demand good soil moisture and must receive consistent rainfall or irrigation to produce tender, tightly wrapped, sweet, and good-flavored sprouts. Flavor improves with cooler fall weather and they can stay in the garden as long as temperatures remain above 20 degrees Fahrenheit.

Harvest signs

Iowa State Extension ↗

Buds should be 1 to 1½ inches in diameter and tender and green

▶Planting reference— Depth, spacing, pH, light
Depth
1/4 to 1/2 inch deep
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Spacing
18 inches apart · Rows: 24 to 30 inches apart
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pH range
6–7
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Light
Full sun (6+ hr direct)
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▶Pests & diseases— flea beetles, imported cabbage worm, cabbage looper, diamondback moth, +6 more
Common pests · 7
Flea beetles: chew small holes in leaves (Seedlings are most vulnerable to injury from this feeding) ↗
Imported cabbage worm: larvae feed on the leaves (Young seedlings and transplants are most vulnerable to injury from this feeding) ↗
Cabbage looper: larvae feed on the leaves (Young seedlings and transplants are most vulnerable to injury from this feeding) ↗
Diamondback moth: larvae feed on the leaves (Young seedlings and transplants are most vulnerable to injury from this feeding) ↗
Cabbage maggots: feed on the roots, injuring the plants, sometimes killing them ↗
Aphids: can often be found feeding within the sprouts (As sprouts develop) ↗
Cabbageworms: eat large, irregular holes in the foliage ↗
Common diseases · 3
Alternaria leaf spot: causes spots on leaves ↗
Black rot: causes yellow triangles on the edge of leaves ↗
Clubroot: attacks the roots of brussel sprouts, causing roots to be swollen and plants to be stunted ↗

Companions & antagonists

Plant near:DillMarigold
Keep apart from:Tomato
Tip: Long season — start early May for fall harvest.

Common questions

How much water does brussels sprouts need?

Brussels Sprouts is water-sensitive — shallow roots and a steady thirst. Keep soil moisture in roughly the 40–60% range and don't let it dry out fully, or growth stalls and leafy crops turn bitter.

Can I grow brussels sprouts in a raised bed or container?

Yes — brussels sprouts does well in raised beds and is happy in a decent-sized container too, as long as drainage is good.

Does brussels sprouts come back every year?

No — brussels sprouts is an annual. It completes its life in one season, so you replant it each year.